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Land Rover Range Rover Evoque 5-door (2012)

The exciting 5-Door version of the all-new Land Rover Range Rover Evoque makes its global public debut at the 2010 Los Angeles Auto Show on November 17, 2010.

With its stylish and sporting appearance, enhanced by extra practicality and greater family appeal, the Land Rover Range Rover Evoque 5-Door joins the stunning coupé model to create a highly desirable line-up that will transform the premium compact SUV segment.

Like the coupé, the Land Rover Range Rover Evoque 5-Door remains faithful to the spirit of the groundbreaking Land Rover LRX concept car, offering an innovative new interpretation of the original cross-coupé design.

The Land Rover Range Rover Evoque 5-Door also stays true to the core values of the Range Rover brand, providing premium levels of craftsmanship, luxury, performance and renowned Land Rover all-terrain capability, but in a more compact package.

"The addition of the 5-Door to the Range Rover Evoque line-up extends the appeal of our brand still further," said Land Rover's Managing Director Phil Popham.

"While retaining everything that's great about the Range Rover Evoque coupé, this new 5-Door bodystyle will offer customers even more choice, greater practicality, versatility and flexibility. The launch of the Evoque in 2011 will expand and revitalise the global appeal of the Range Rover marque."

Commitment to sustainability

With the same compact footprint and advanced technologies as the coupé model, the Land Rover Range Rover Evoque 5-Door reinforces Land Rover's commitment to environmental sustainability. The Evoque is positioned as the smallest, lightest, most fuel-efficient Range Rover ever.

To deliver optimum efficiency, the Land Rover Range Rover Evoque 5-Door features lightweight construction techniques and offers the choice of a front-wheel drive variant. A new range of state-of-the-art petrol and diesel engines comes with direct injection and stop-start. The Range Rover Evoque also adopts low CO2 systems such as Electric Power-Assisted Steering (EPAS) and is built to maximise end of life recyclability.

"Enhanced sustainability has been at the centre of the design and development of the Range Rover Evoque," said Phil Popham. "We are offering customers the choice of high-efficiency coupé or 5-Door bodystyles, and both models are highly relevant, very contemporary and extremely desirable."

Coupé style and 5-Door versatility

The Land Rover Range Rover Evoque 5-Door offers an exciting new interpretation of the LRX concept car design, combining the dramatic stance and dynamic appeal of the original cross-coupé with the enhanced functionality offered by a 5-Door format.

"The 5-Door Range Rover Evoque has the same strong emotional appeal as the coupé, while offering the superior versatility of a family vehicle," said Land Rover Design Director, Gerry McGovern.

"The key lines remain intact - the dramatic rising beltline, muscular shoulder running the length of the car, and the distinctive taper to the floating roofline - but with a slightly higher rear roof. The finished vehicle offers impressive levels of space and versatility whilst retaining the overall essence, visual robustness and jewel-like detailing of the coupé."

The more capacious interior of the Land Rover Range Rover Evoque 5-Door has not been achieved by enlarging the compact footprint of the coupé model: the overall length and width remain identical.

Like the coupé, smart design, meticulous engineering and clever packaging has ensured that the Evoque 5-Door delivers the core Range Rover values of luxury, refined performance and all-terrain capability while remaining true to the spirit of the LRX concept design.

Interior quality and versatility

The cabin of the Range Rover Evoque is lavishly appointed with premium quality materials and an elegance befitting of a Range Rover interior.

Customers can specify soft, premium leather and beautifully tailored, twin-needle stitching providing a luxurious finish to almost every surface of the instrument panel, doors and seats.

Measuring 30mm taller than the coupé model, the Land Rover Range Rover Evoque 5-Door adds further space and versatility to the luxurious cabin. Rear seat passengers benefit from over 50mm more shoulder room, along with generous headroom which compares very favourably to traditional sporting saloons.

A full-sized glass panoramic roof enhances the sensation of space and comfort by flooding the interior with natural light, and offers even greater headroom for all occupants.

For growing families, the Land Rover Range Rover Evoque 5-Door provides the versatility and luggage space of a compact station wagon.

The rear seats, with seat belts and head restraints for three passengers, have 60/40 folding seat squabs and are equipped with ISOFIX child seat mounts. When required, luggage capacity can be expanded to a substantial 1445 litres.

Sporting dynamics

On the open road, the Land Rover Range Rover Evoque 5-Door offers a polished driving experience that combines dynamic and sporty handling with responsive, effortless performance and refinement.

"The 5-Door Range Rover Evoque has the same sporting character as the coupé," said Murray Dietsch, Director of Land Rover Programmes. "We have focused on ensuring that the car is agile and fun to drive, so that customers have a rewarding experience, even in day-to-day urban driving. Advanced technologies such as MagneRide™ mean we can ensure that this dynamic prowess does not come at the cost of top-quality refinement or comfort."

The optional Adaptive Dynamics system with advanced MagneRide™ dampers provides an exceptional balance between a supple, controlled ride and sharper handling responses.

Capable off-road

Drivers who take their Range Rover Evoque off-road will be reassured to know that, in addition to extremely generous ground clearance, the car has better breakover and departure angles than other compact SUVs.

The Evoque will be the first Range Rover to offer customers a choice between a full-time four-wheel-drive system, which delivers outstanding performance and traction on all surfaces, and a low carbon, front-wheel-drive option for further enhanced fuel economy.

The Range Rover Evoque's formidable all-terrain potential is enhanced by the latest version of the company's signature Terrain ResponseTM system.

Powertrains

The Land Rover Range Rover Evoque 5-Door shares its turbocharged powertrain line-up with the Coupé model. The state-of-the-art diesel and petrol engines offer smooth and responsive performance, blending four-cylinder efficiency with six-cylinder refinement and power.

Customers can choose between two comprehensively updated 2.2-litre turbodiesel derivatives, with 190PS or 150PS.

In the 5-Door model, the front-wheel drive Range Rover Evoque with the 150PS 2.2-litre engine achieves sub 135g/km CO2.

A new 240PS, 2.0-litre Si4 petrol engine combines direct fuel injection, turbocharging and twin variable valve timing for exceptional driveability and fuel efficiency.

Murray Dietsch, Director of Land Rover Programmes, said: "We have combined state-of-the-art powertrains with a lightweight bodyshell and a range of low-carbon technologies to deliver fuel efficiency which is outstanding for a premium SUV."

Innovation

Like the coupé model, the Evoque 5-Door benefits from the same high-end innovative technologies as the larger Range Rovers. An intuitive control system and touch-screen display combines a stylish, uncluttered layout, state-of-the-art functionality with class-leading ease of use.

The display is available with dual-view technology, so that driver and passenger can view independent content.

Connectivity options include Bluetooth hands-free mobile phone and audio streaming, plus a range of USB and auxiliary inputs for iPods and other portable devices.

The Evoque is the first Range Rover to offer breathtaking new sound systems developed in partnership with the high-end audio specialist Meridian. The premium Meridian offering is an 825W, 17-speaker system that delivers the ultimate in surround-sound performance.

Other features available to Range Rover Evoque customers include:

* Park Assist for automated parallel parking
* Blind Spot Monitoring system
* Surround Camera System with five digital cameras, including a reversing system
* Full dual-zone automatic climate control, featuring a Park Heater timer facility
* Hard drive navigation system
* DAB/FM/AM/Sirius tuners, with hard drive virtual 10xCD multiplayer
* Digital and Satellite TV, and DVD playback
* Rear seat entertainment package, with 8-inch video screens, digital wireless headphones and touch screen remote control
* Keyless entry system and powered tailgate
* Adaptive headlamps with Automatic High Beam Assist
* Heated windscreen, front seats and steering wheel

Three design themes

The Land Rover Range Rover Evoque 5-Door follows the coupé model by offering customers the choice of three main vehicle design themes, each with its own distinctive character, exterior treatment and carefully co-ordinated interior package.

'Pure'combines the stunning concept-car exterior with a stylish, clean interior in neutral colours. Soft-touch wrapped materials on the major surfaces contrast with the metal brushed aluminium trim.

'Prestige' is theultimate in Range Rover luxury, combining a bespoke exterior that includes unique, 19-inch wheels and sparkling metallic details with an interior that is almost entirely leather-wrapped.

'Dynamic' brings a bolder exterior with 20-inch wheels and unique bumpers, sills, grille and tailpipes for a more assertive, confident stance. Contrasting roof and spoiler colours are available, while the premium sports interior offers sports seats with splashes of bright contrast colour.

Both coupé and 5-Door models of the Range Rover Evoque will be manufactured at Land Rover's multi award-winning Halewood plant in Merseyside, UK. The car will go on sale in more than 160 markets worldwide from summer 2011. Prices will start from £30,000 / 35,000 EUR.

SsangYong Korando (2011)

New platform, new design, new engine - the new SsangYong Korando brings an entirely fresh approach to the crossover market.

Introducing a number of significant firsts for SsangYong, the Korando is ready to take a bold step into one of the most buoyant sectors of the European car market. Merging the low running costs and dynamic abilities of a conventional family hatchback with the visual appeal, adventurous spirit and rough-road capability of an SUV, the SsangYong Korando is aimed at the heart of the crossover market.

With the focus on quality and desirability, the SsangYong Korando has been designed and jointly developed in Europe by renowned stylist Giorgetto Giugiaro. With one of the most famous names in automotive design behind it, the new Korando takes on a modern, stylish SUV shape reflecting the rugged appeal that lies at the heart of today's SsangYong Motor Company.

Looking outside of Europe, the SsangYong Korando brand is already one of the strongest in the SUV market. Indeed, Korando is listed in the Korean Guinness Book of World Records as the country's longest surviving automotive brand. With its roots stretching as far back as 1974, the Korando started a new chapter in Korean car making as the first-ever self-developed four-wheel-drive model to come from the country in 1983. The next significant evolution in 1996 was the adoption of Mercedes-Benz diesel technology when the third generation model was introduced.

Now, after a five year absence from the world's car market, SsangYong Korando is back in an all-new form to claim its place among the world's new C-segment SUV crossover models.
Epitomising today's economic ethos of spending less without compromising on quality, the Korando is perfectly placed to meet the needs of downsizing drivers. The compact C-segment sized SUV market now accounts for more than half of the total SUV market in Europe, and this proportion is expected to grow in the coming months and years.

Designed and developed over the last five years to deliver the environmentally conscious efficiency that's expected of every class leading crossover, the SsangYong Korando offers high fuel economy and low CO2 emissions to rival the best in class.

Add the proven strength and safety that comes from the DNA of an SUV specialist, and every need is met - environmentally friendly interior materials, comfort, refinement, practicality and versatility all feature to make the SsangYong Korando a crossover that's sure to stand out in a busy marketplace.

The new powertrain - efficiency and performance combined

An all-new model deserves an all-new powertrain - and the SsangYong Korando's new e-XDi200 engine is at the very heart of the crossover's appeal. With a high power output of 175PS, superb combined cycle fuel economy of 6.0 l/100km (47mpg) and CO2 emissions of only 157g/km the SsangYong Korando can challenge the very best rivals. Refinement is a key strength of the new 2.0-litre diesel engine which is offered with both manual and automatic six-speed transmissions to power both front and four-wheel drive Korando models.

Furthermore, the SsangYong Korando range will be extended next year with the introduction of a new even more frugal diesel engine as well as a high-value petrol unit.

Cabin comfort at the core of Korando design

Making the most of its commanding driving position, the SsangYong Korando offers superb cabin comfort and interior ergonomics. No matter what the surface, a smooth ride quality has been achieved with the adoption of a double bush type sub-frame mounted suspension system, while extensive NVH engineering isolates occupants from external interruptions.

Specification that puts passenger safety first

Passenger safety comes first. Six airbags - dual front, side and curtain - are fitted as standard, while there is also multi-function ESP (Electronic Stability Program), which integrates anti-rollover protection, brake assist, hill start assist and ESS (Emergency Stop Signal). Other standard safety features include first row active head restraints and ISOFIX.

Crossover to the Korando

The SsangYong Korando is a model which has been designed to reaffirm SsangYong's position in the minds of the European car buyer. Far from merely fulfilling the basic needs of the consumer, design innovations have been offered to tempt buyers away from established competitors. The eco cruise control system efficiently manages the amount of fuel injected to maximise economy, a door mirror mounted LED puddle lamp helps passengers get in and out safely and comfortably even in dark areas and the Korando's towing ability has been at the core of its development from day one.

Recognising the desires of many drivers to stamp their personality on their new car purchase, the SsangYong Korando is offered with a choice of seven exterior colours and a combination of interior shades and materials including luxurious leather seats. Buyers also have the option of a special interior specification which features a unique orange highlight colour.

Korando will be revealed this autumn through the over 1,240 strong SsangYong international dealer network before starting on its journey to strengthen the SsangYong Motor Company's brand. The first SsangYong Korando models will be delivered to UK buyers in January 2011, when the following variants will be offered:

* Two-wheel drive, manual
* Two-wheel drive, manual - High Line
* Two-wheel drive, automatic - High Line
* All-wheel drive, manual - High Line
* All-wheel drive, automatic - High Line

STYLING & DESIGN

As one of Europe's most respected designers, Giorgetto Giugiaro was brought onboard from the early stages of development to position the SsangYong Korando perfectly into the competitive crossover market. The result is an elegantly proportioned shape which is perfectly in-tune with the design themes of the moment.

The strong, charismatic front end of the Korando sets the tone for the sharp lines that punctuate the dynamic silhouette. Embodying the SsangYong design theme of 'elegance within strength', the Korando brings a fresh take on SUV styling to the crossover market.

Exterior design: robust aesthetics

When creating the fourth generation SsangYong Korando, designers had strong themes in mind. Conveying the strength and toughness of SsangYong's SUV building history with an adventurous spirit keen to explore both the wild countryside and the urban jungle, the Korando's crossover body took shape.

The high bonnet line gives a sense of power and pays tribute to the go-anywhere abilities of SsangYong SUVs, while the perfectly balanced six-point radiator grille and angular headlamp shape are both poised and athletic.

The two-tone bumper shape was designed to express the SUV's stability and toughness. This is complemented by the mesh radiator grille, bold air intake and chrome trim to make a strong and powerful statement.

At the rear the design statements are equally bold. A defined line runs from the front headlamp to the rear lamp cluster, following the contours of the body and emphasising the Korando's shape. The rear light clusters have in-built lenses to appear completely red despite housing the turn indicators and reversing lamps.

One of the key design characteristics of any Giorgetto Giugiaro designed model is the perfect proportion. Study the SsangYong Korando in profile and you will see how this pillar of automotive design has been applied to provide the optimum balance, with a beltline that begins as a diagonal and finishes as a curve to emphasise the presence of both toughness and speed.

The harmony of a neat glass area and the distinctive C-pillar shape is the essence of the robust design that gives a sense of power to the whole vehicle.

Adding visual strength to the Korando's SUV shape, substantial wheelarches draw the eye to the raised ride height. However, the arches retain a utilitarian black finish to add to the feeling of robustness that's lacking in so many compact SUV models.

With its perfect proportions, toughness throughout and the attention to detail achieved only by the finest automobile designers, the SsangYong Korando comes equipped with the very finest European design.

Interior design: premium space

The Korando's interior combines the Oriental ethos of moderation and elegance. The result is a cabin which uses subtle design detailing to punctuate a spacious and practical interior which meets the needs of the most demanding crossover buyer.

Central to the design of any automotive interior is the driving environment. The SsangYong Korando's instrument panel is simple and elegant, with two large dials separated by a digital display. A modern, uncluttered control layout features chrome coloured trim to highlight the flowing lines.

Particular attention has been paid to the look and feel of the main cabin controls. The tactility of the dials and switches has been developed to convey a feeling of quality and robustness in keeping with a crossover model.

Of course, practicality hasn't been forgotten either, with drinks holders front and rear along with secure stowage spaces for everything from portable music players to maps. The luxurious seats offer an added dimension of versatility and comfort, with the option to fold the second row flat to leave an even more practical luggage area.

With the Korando's interior, designers have succeeded in maximising space, comfort and practicality in a high quality, driver-centric cabin.

Colour design: the finishing touch

With the fundamentals of a class leading cabin design complete, choosing the perfect colour palette was the finishing touch to the SsangYong Korando's interior.

In order to satisfy diverse consumer needs, classy black and natural beige form the basis of the key interior colours. Paying particular attention to the young and active drivers for whom the crossover market often holds most appeal, a special orange highlight colour can be added to the black interior to add a sporty finish.

Just as important as colour is the material used to create each interior part. The Korando cabin is trimmed with everything from attractive chrome and metal accents to premium quality soft-touch plastics. Anti-bacterial paint is also used to enhance the wellbeing of occupants.

As for exterior colours, a total of seven tones are available including vibrant Vitamin Red and striking Ice Blue.

Performance

The diesel engines used to power SsangYong models have long been one of the marque's key strengths. Combining the traditional virtues of high performance and outstanding durability with superb economy and refinement, the new e-XDi200 diesel engine is the perfect powerplant for the Korando.

The 2.0-litre e-XDi200 engine provides a maximum power output of 175PS and peak torque of 360Nm, representing a 20 per cent improvement over its predecessor. Optimum torque is delivered across a low yet broad rev range of 2,000-3,000rpm, leading to effortless acceleration from low engine speeds thanks to SsangYong's E-VGT (Electric Variable Geometry Turbocharger).

Not only is it fully compliant with Euro5 emissions regulations, but the e-XDi200 engine is also designed to fulfil the requirements of the future Euro6 rules. This has been achieved with the help of a range of technological advancements including third generation 1,800 bar common rail fuel injection, E-EGR (Electric Exhaust Gas Recirculation), swirl control valve and CDPF (Catalysed Diesel Particulate Filter). The swirl level has been made flexible for different gear ratios to achieve the cleanest possible diesel combustion.

The result is highly frugal combined cycle fuel economy of 6.0 l/100km (47mpg) and CO2 emissions of only 157g/km. Such impressive efficiency can only be achieved through the implementation of a range of measures throughout the SsangYong Korando's design.

The SsangYong's kerb weight is only 1,672kg (manual version) thanks to various weight saving measures including the use of an oil separator integrated plastic cylinder head cover. Lowering friction has also played its part, with low tension piston rings, plateau honing and low viscosity oil all helping to reduce energy losses.

Advanced engine control devices have also been developed including a dual knock sensor and a system to optimise intake and fuel injection according to driving conditions. A rapid temperature elevation warm-up system is also in place to improve the engine's performance in cold start and warming-up situations.

Efficiency and performance are only two-thirds of a modern diesel engine's requirements - refinement is equally important. That's why the e-XDi200 engine minimises NVH (Noise, Vibration and Harshness) with decoupling technology and an advanced balancing system to drastically reduce booming noise in the mid to high speed range. The engine itself has also been made quieter by acoustically tuning the layout of the chain system to reduce unwanted noise.

The final test for any new engine is reliability, and the Korando's new powerplant has passed the Mercedes-Benz durability test with flying colours. This is the world's toughest examination for any new engine, designed to test it to the limit before it is fitted under the bonnet of a production model. The final seal of approval was given to the new Korando's engine only after it had also undergone extensive real-world test driving in both the hottest and coldest of environments.

AWD

To suit the needs, expectations and budget of all types of crossover driver the SsangYong Korando is offered in both front-wheel-drive and all-wheel-drive (AWD) forms. While variants feeding power only to the front wheels will offer the lowest price entry into Korando ownership, SsangYong's advanced AWD system makes the most of the model's dynamic abilities both on and off road.

The SsangYong Korando's AWD is an on-demand system. By monitoring the grip level, the technology can determine the driving conditions and traction available before distributing power to the wheels that need it most.

Under normal driving conditions 100 per cent of the engine's torque is driving the front wheels so that the Korando can run with the efficiency of a family hatchback. However, as soon as the front tyres begin to lose traction, power is fed to the rear wheels to ensure safe, stable and dependable progress is resumed. The technology also comes into play when pulling away on a steep slope, allowing the SsangYong Korando to drive off from a standstill smoothly and safely every time.

What's more, the AWD even has a special in-built self-protecting function. If a driver fits a different type of tyre or has extreme differences in wear between front and rear tyres, the driving power going to the rear is reduced to prevent any damage to the transmission.

Calling on its 4x4 know-how, SsangYong hasn't forgotten that many Korandos will find their way off the beaten track on a wintery adventure or towing a caravan on a sodden campsite. That's why engineers have fitted an AWD lock mode to manually force the spread of power between the front and rear wheels at speeds below 25mph.

All this only adds to the SsangYong Korando's credentials as a class leading towing vehicle. The SsangYong has been engineered to pull a braked trailer weighing as much as 2,000 kg, while an unbraked trailer of 750 kg also poses no problems. Keen caravaners have already been impressed by the Korando's statistics, and are sure to fall for its all-round abilities with a load in tow on the road.

With or without a trailer, at the core of the AWD Korando's engineering is safety. When working with ESP (Electronic Stability Program) and ABS (Anti-lock Braking System), the four-wheel-drive system provides the best possible grip and control whatever the conditions.

Transmission

Surpassing many of its rivals, the SsangYong Korando offers a choice of two six-speed transmissions to crossover drivers.

In the UK the six-speed manual transmission is expected to be fitted to the majority of Korando models. Using a wide spread of ratios, the gearbox has been developed to improve launch acceleration while also offering low-engine-speed high-economy running at motorway pace. Efficiency and durability have also been improved by optimising oil lubrication, while particular engineering attention has been paid to reducing gear whine at all speeds.

Unlike many of its rivals, choosing the SsangYong Korando's automatic transmission doesn't mean giving up any gear ratios. The six-speed auto takes the same wide-ratio spread approach as the manual to minimise its impact on economy, emissions and refinement. Drivers can also take manual control at any point using the shift lever or steering wheel mounted switches.

Technologies such as variable solenoid control, fully adaptive input control and electronic shifting have been used to automatically detect how the driver wants the gearbox to operate. Shift refinement has also been at the forefront of the transmission's development along with efficiency. Just like every other aspect of the Korando's mechanical systems, the transmission suffers minimal power and friction losses thanks to the use of variable line pressure control and low viscosity ATF (Automatic Transmission Fluid).

Suspension & Running Gear

The new crossover SsangYong Korando uses a combination of technologically advanced systems and engineering to achieve optimal driving performance and minimise Noise Vibration and Harshness (NVH). Details of each system/area can be found below.

EPS (Electric Power assisted Steering)

SsangYong's EPS uses an electric motor to provide the perfect amount of assistance to the driver when turning the wheel. The system is speed sensitive, offering maximum assistance during parking manoeuvres and greater feel out on the open road. A further advantage is improved efficiency over traditional hydraulic power steering systems.

Optimal Ride & Handling

To compliment SsangYong's first monocoque construction, compact sub-frames are installed at the front and rear. This not only provides ride and handling characteristics much closer to a conventional road car rather than an off-roader, but it also dramatically improves the cabin's insulation from bumps and ridges in the road. At the front, side load springs are used to minimise friction and in turn improve both noise levels and durability. Coil springs are fitted to the rear sub-frame to improve overall driving comfort. Extensive engineering development has gone into the blocking of any sub-frame leaning when cornering, helping the Korando to maintain a flat, neutral stance.

Drive Shaft

The drive shaft sends power to the AWD system and normally consists of steel tubes and universal joints. However, this set-up didn't measure up to the high standards of NVH expected of the SsangYong Korando. Instead, a constant velocity joint and rubber couple is used, achieving lower noise levels at high, constant speeds. What's more, this set-up reduces shock and vibration when cornering, further improving refinement and comfort.

Sound Insulation Optimisation

Another further improvement in the comfort and enjoyment of every drive is the reduction in sound entering the cabin. Heavy-layer and polyurethane sound absorbing/blocking materials have been used both behind the dashboard and under the floor to minimise any intrusive noise. Further sound insulation is also provided by a felt material fitted between the engine and the cabin, while a final layer of sound absorbing material is fitted to the dashboard.

Off-Road Capacity

While the Korando is more at home on the tarmac than ever before, off-road capability hasn't been sidelined. The Korando has a ground clearance of 180mm, approach angle of 22.8 degrees, departure angle of 28.2 degrees and ramp angle of 18.5 degrees. The result is a maximum climb angle of 48 per cent (AWD, 33 per cent for 2WD), a roll over angle of over 40 per cent and a wading depth of 300mm.

These statistics give the crossover model the sort of off-road ability that goes far beyond the expectations of many drivers, but which allows rough tracks and steep inclines to be tackled without costly body or mechanical damage.

SAFETY

One of the main attractions of an SUV is the feeling of safety and security afforded by a high driving position and robust body. The challenge with a crossover model is to offer genuine advances in safety without suffering the penalties of increased weight and reduced efficiency which afflict traditional off-roaders.

In order to meet the demands of the most safety-conscious crossover buyer, the SsangYong Korando has an energy multi-dispersion structure which channels the force of a front-end impact to the vehicle body through three load channels, including the front sub-frame. This spreads the energy from a crash to minimise the forces felt by passengers and any resultant injuries.

In the case of a rear-end impact, a crash box made from high-tension steel acts as a buffer, absorbing crash energy together with the rear bumper to protect vehicle occupants. Both front and rear-end structures have also been designed to minimise the potential danger to pedestrians.

With many Korando buyers likely to have a young family, the addition of the international standard ISOFIX car seat mounting system is a vital feature, allowing child seats to be installed easily and securely every time.

While some rivals might charge extra for vital safety equipment, the SsangYong Korando comes as standard with the full complement of six airbags. Dual airbags are fitted for the driver and front passenger, while side and curtain airbags will deploy in the event of a side-on crash. There is also a state-of-the-art safety restraint system in place to stop passengers from being thrown out of the car in a rollover accident.

Another safety enhancement comes in the shape of the latest active head restraint system. An electric signal is detected by the sensor in the event of a rear-end crash and instantly moves the front head restraints forwards and upwards to reduce any potential neck injuries.

However, there's more to safety than merely considering the worst-case-scenario high speed impact - slow speed accidents also require engineering development to minimise repair bills and insurance costs. A high tension steel crash box is installed at both the front and the rear to reduce the damage caused by low-speed bumps. The design enables easy repairs to be carried out to vehicles which have absorbed collision energy into their crash boxes rather than costly chassis and body parts.

While reducing the consequences of an accident was at the core of the new Korando's development, helping drivers to avoid collisions in the first place was equally important. The newly developed ABS/ESP system compares the driver's inputs to the steering, throttle and braking with the vehicle's status and controls the engine, transmission and braking systems to ensure maximum possible safety in every instance. The system can even detect an abnormal situation, for example when the accelerator and brake pedals are accidentally pressed at the same time, and operate an override function in which the engine will return to idle to help prevent any potential accidents.

What's more, the SsangYong Korando's ESP system also works along with HBA (Hydraulic Brake Assist) to apply the maximum braking force in an emergency, decreasing stopping distances when the driver isn't able or experienced enough to apply full pressure to the brake pedal. ARP (Anti Rollover Protection) provides further driver assistance by preventing instability during sudden changes of direction. To make pulling away on a slope easier and safer HSA (Hill Start Assist) is also fitted, while ESS (Emergency Stop Signal) warns following vehicles of emergency stops and ABS activation.

COMFORT & CONVENIENCE

Despite having dimensions compact enough to fit into the city, the Korando offers the practicality required of a family car. Its wide interior offers the practicality of an SUV with the proportions and running costs of a conventional compact family hatchback, making the Korando the perfect transport for both everyday use and leisure activities.

The convenience begins in the driver's seat. Various storage spaces are available including a centre fascia tray, a door pull handle tray and a large map pocket. The prominent digital read-out also gives the driver all the information they need when heading out into the great outdoors for a spot of mountain biking or canoeing, including both external and internal temperature and humidity. This trip computer also displays information about fuel consumption and range capability.

Over on the passenger side, the glove box contains a partition tray and a credit card holder, while there's also the added convenience of a hook to secure a carrier bag.

The SsangYong Korando's wide track ensures that passengers will be comfortable whether they are sitting in the front or the rear. Those in the back benefit from a flat floor without an intrusive transmission tunnel, while the second row seats can be split 60:40, fold & dive and recline to provide various seat variations.

Lift the Korando's tailgate and you'll find a spacious 486 litre luggage area complete with a large under-floor tray. The luggage cover is also removable, while a hanger on the roof and a hook to fix a load net add to the SsangYong's practicality.

With a level of convenience normally only offered by premium saloons, the SsangYong Korando provides plenty of attractive features. Top of the list for many will be the standard fit Bluetooth audio system, which not only allows calls to be made and received via a Bluetooth enabled mobile phone but also provides the ability to stream music via a suitable device.

When the driver uses the remote key fob to unlock the vehicle, both the interior and door mirror mounted puddle lights are illuminated to light the way. Both are also lit automatically when the driver removes the key from the ignition and opens the door.

Other convenience features include automatically folding/unfolding mirrors, which are operated when the doors are locked/unlocked using the remote key.

When the Korando reaches 18.6mph (30km/h) the doors are automatically locked, but in a crash situation in which the airbags are deployed, the locked doors will automatically unlock, the interior light will turn on and the hazard lights will be activated.

Looking after the wellbeing of occupants is at the core of the SsangYong Korando's cabin design. That's why various switches have been treated with paint that prohibits the growth of microbes to prevent the spread of germs.

Security is also assured thanks to a standard fit alarm and immobiliser.

EQUIPMENT

* Mechanical
o 175PS 2.0-litre e-XDi200 diesel engine with CDPF
o Active AWD
o Six-speed manual transmission
o Six-speed automatic transmission with manual mode
o McPherson strut front suspension
o Multi-link rear suspension
o Electronic Stability Program (ESP) with Hydraulic Brake Assist (HBA), Hill Start Assist (HSA), Active Roll-over Protection (ARP) and Emergency Stop Signal (ESS)
o Electric power steering (EPS)
* Seats
o Six-way power driver's seat
o Height adjustable driver's seat
o Lumbar support for driver's seat
o 60:40 split folding second-row seats with folding centre armrest
o Leather upholstery
o Woven cloth upholstery
o Heated front and second row seats
* Climate control
o Fully automatic air conditioning with temperature sensor and outside temperature gauge
o Manual air conditioning with maximum air conditioning function
o Rear heating duct to enhance climate control effectiveness
o PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) heater
* Appearance
o Chrome coated radiator grille
o All-around tinted glass
o Solar controlled windshield glass
o Privacy glass (rear door windows and tailgate window)
o Roof rails
o Rear spoiler with LED high mounted stop lamp
o Acoustic engine cover to dampen noise
o 18-inch hyper silver coated alloy wheels with 225/55 tyres
o 17-inch alloy wheels with 225/60 tyres
o 16-inch alloy wheels with 215/65 tyres
o Illuminated ignition key slot
o Leather steering wheel trim
o Floor mats
o Door mirror mounted puddle light
o Two-tone lower mouldings
o Chrome plated dual tail pipe
o Body coloured door handles
* Convenience
o LED side repeaters on door mirrors
o Battery saver
o Electronic ECO cruise control
o Electronically-tuned AM/FM stereo audio system with MP3 CDP
o USB memory slot and Aux port
o RDS and Bluetooth system
o Pole aerial on the rear roof
o Auto-levelling headlights
o Windshield wiper de-icer
o Rain sensing wiper and automatic headlight activation
o One-touch triple signal indicators
o Heated tailgate window with timer
o Safety power sunroof that slides or tilts, with blind panel
o Power windows with safety (anti-trap) feature
o Remote keyless entry system with panic alarm
o Six speakers including two tweeters for high level sound
o Steering wheel audio system controls
o Dual spray type washer nozzles
o Trip computer
o 12V DC power outlets under the instrument panel and in the load area
o External door mirrors that can be electrically adjusted, folded and heated
o Mobile ashtray
o Digital clock
o Dual gas filled struts for tailgate
o Centre storage console
o Grip on the inside of the tailgate to facilitate closing
o Cupholders in the front and rear
o Sun visors with illuminated vanity mirror
o Luggage cover and net
o Toolbox in the load area
o Electrically operated tailgate release switch
o Manual tilt and telescopic steering wheel
o Tray on the upper instrument panel
* Safety
o Monocoque body structure
o Door impact beams for optimal protection from side collisions
o Dual airbags in front with seatbelt load limiters and pre-tensioner
o Curtain airbags for front and rear passengers
o Side airbags for front passengers
o Active head restraints for front passengers
o Rear obstacle warning system with three-stage alarm
o 4-channel anti-lock braking system
o Front ventilated disc brakes
o Rear disc brakes
o Emergency Stop Signal (ESS)
o Door courtesy lamps
o Immobiliser system
o Rear wiper and washer
o Hand-operated parking brake
o Childproof safety lock
o Speed-sensing door lock
o Reminder alarm and speed-sensing feature for front passenger seatbelts
o Rear three-point seatbelts
o ISOFIX and tether anchorage for child seat
o Electrochromic rear-view mirror

BMW Scooter C Concept (2010)

New ideas and concepts on the subject of two-wheeled mobility are a decades old tradition at BMW Motorrad. Countless times, concept studies and drafts have been presented that reflect the power of innovation and future orientation of BMW Motorrad.

With its Scooter C Concept study, BMW Motorrad is yet again embarking on a new path and demonstrating a fascinating mobility option for the future. Here, C stands for "commuter". Particularly in view of the traffic development in urban areas, it presents the prospect of an innovative, sporty big scooter for the future premium segment.

As usual at BMW Motorrad, there is more to this study than just an attempt to present a big scooter for the highest demands. Rather, the designers and engineers of BMW Motorrad focused above all on the emotive component in addition to the technical function and quality - and the thrill from the very first moment on.

BMW Scooter C Concept. Emotion, dynamic handling, and function in the design.

When unveiling its C Concept at 2010 EICMA in Milan, BMW Motorrad will be directing the maximum possible emotion to its interpretation of this subject, which will bear witness to the primary claims of maximum, all round functionality.

BMW Scooter C Concept as a vision of the big scooter is immediately recognisable as a member of the BMW Motorrad family. For instance, it also presents the so-called "split face", a visual tripartite of dynamic response extending from the front silhouette to the front wheel cover and beyond. In the style of highly sporty
BMW Motorrad models, such as the S 1000 RR, C Concept also features a twin-tipped front spoiler.

Unlike the L shaped side view presented up to now by big scooters, with their predominantly vertical body lines and colour scheme, BMW Scooter C Concept has ventured on a new, much more sporty and dynamic path. The body lines sweeping up to the vehicle's rear underscore this big scooter's active riding character. The high rear section emphasises the lightness and agility of C Concept's powerful two-cylinder engine. Sportiness and dynamism are also underscored by the close cut, speeder-style windscreen.

The functional side of this scooter is expressed in stylish design elements, such as the aluminium look of the bash plates with the air intake adopted from the BMW GS.

The black chromium of the suspension and frame parts form a thrilling, dynamic relationship with the aluminium chromium, silver, and blue paintwork of the body parts. In addition, the black satin sections present a high-contrast emphasis on the vehicle's central area. This highly technical and high-quality elegance is borne further by finely worked details, such as the fuel tank cover reminiscent of aircraft and the short, sporty muffler. The visionary facet of BMW Scooter C Concept is presented by the tyres with flanks and treads of blue.

BMW Scooter C Concept. Pioneering technology that fuels enthusiasm.

BMW Scooter C Concept presents unusual and innovative solutions that offer a wide prospect of what in future can become reality in this segment.

For instance, BMW C Concept features a highly complex monolever mechanism with hollowed-out shaft connected to a suspension strut visible from the outside. In this study, front-wheel control takes the form of an upside down fork.

The stable twin disc brake at the front features two radial brake callipers that also underscore the dynamic sportiness of C Concept. In addition, the single disc brake at the rear and the BMW Motorrad ABS provide the maximum possible safety during braking manoeuvres.

The dynamic and equally comfortable driving force behind BMW Scooter C Concept is provided by a new, two-cylinder inline engine in conjunction with CVT (continuously variable transmission). Engine power, torque, and therefore performance will be moving towards the top of the segment.

Light is cast on a more distant point in the future by the LED headlamp integrated into the face panelling. This future vision is also continued by the deliberate absence of conventional rear view mirrors, which will be replaced in C Concept with two video cameras in the rear. These record the area behind the vehicle and transfer the images to two LCD monitors in the cockpit within view of the rider. The road speed, engine speed, and other data appear on a third LCD display integrated at the centre of the cockpit.

BMW C Concept. Perfected rider equipment and stowage space concept.

BMW Scooter C Concept also testifies to thoughts and ideas extending beyond the actual vehicle. In line with the BMW Motorrad philosophy, a big scooter realised in the C Concept style will also come with a range of adequate rider equipment. In the best BMW Motorrad tradition, the development of a big scooter will also include a suitable stowage space concept.

Program o Genocidu u Kambodzi

The Cambodian genocide of 1975-1979, in which approximately 1.7 million people lost their lives (21% of the country's population), was one of the worst human tragedies of the last century. As in Nazi Germany, and more recently in East Timor, Guatemala, Yugoslavia, and Rwanda, the Khmer Rouge regime headed by Pol Pot combined extremist ideology with ethnic animosity and a diabolical disregard for human life to produce repression, misery, and murder on a massive scale. On July 18, 2007, Cambodian and international co-prosecutors at the newly established mixed UN/Cambodian tribunal in Phnom Penh found evidence of "crimes against humanity, genocide, grave breaches of the Geneva Convention, homicide, torture and religious persecution."

Since 1994, the award-winning Cambodian Genocide Program, a project of the Genocide Studies Program at Yale University's MacMillan Center for International and Area Studies, has been studying these events to learn as much as possible about the tragedy, and to help determine who was responsible for the crimes of the Pol Pot regime. In Phnom Penh in 1996, for instance, we obtained access to the 100,000-page archive of that defunct regime's security police, the Santebal. This material has been microfilmed by Yale University's Sterling Library and made available to scholars worldwide. As of January 2006, we have also compiled and published 22,000 biographic and bibliographic records, and over 6,000 photographs, along with documents, translations, maps, and an extensive list of CGP books and research papers on the genocide, as well as the CGP's newly-enhanced, interactive Cambodian Geographic Database, CGEO, which includes data on: Cambodia’s 13,000 villages; the 115,000 sites targeted in 231,00 U.S. bombing sorties flown over Cambodia in 1965-75, dropping 2.75 million tons of munitions; 158 prisons run by Pol Pot's Khmer Rouge regime during 1975-1979, and 309 mass-grave sites with an estimated total of 19,000 grave pits; and 76 sites of post-1979 memorials to victims of the Khmer Rouge.

To examine these, and other information we have discovered, click on one of the links on the sidebar.

For a more detailed introduction to the CGP, click here.

Yale assistance to Documentation Center of Cambodia, 1995-2005 (DC-Cam).

The CGP, 1994-2010

The Cambodian genocide of 1975-1979, in which approximately 1.7 million people lost their lives (21% of the country's population), was one of the worst human tragedies of the last century. As in the Ottoman Empire during the Armenian genocide, in Nazi Germany, and more recently in East Timor, Guatemala, Yugoslavia, and Rwanda, the Khmer Rouge regime headed by Pol Pot combined extremist ideology with ethnic animosity and a diabolical disregard for human life to produce repression, misery, and murder on a massive scale. On July 18, 2007, Cambodian and international co-prosecutors at the newly established mixed UN/Cambodian tribunal in Phnom Penh found evidence of "crimes against humanity, genocide, grave breaches of the Geneva Convention, homicide, torture and religious persecution."

Since 1994, the award-winning Cambodian Genocide Program, a project of the Genocide Studies Program at Yale University's MacMillan Center for International and Area Studies, has been studying these events to learn as much as possible about the tragedy, and to help determine who was responsible for the crimes of the Pol Pot regime. In Phnom Penh in 1996, for instance, we obtained access to the 100,000-page archive of that defunct regime's security police, the Santebal. This material has been microfilmed by Yale University's Sterling Library and made available to scholars worldwide. As of January 2008, we have also compiled and published 22,000 biographic and bibliographic records, and over 6,000 photographs, along with documents, translations, maps, and an extensive list of CGP books and research papers on the genocide, as well as the CGP's newly-enhanced, interactive Cambodian Geographic Database, CGEO, which includes data on: Cambodia’s 13,000 villages; the 115,000 sites targeted in 231,00 U.S. bombing sorties flown over Cambodia in 1965-75, dropping 2.75 million tons of munitions; 158 prisons run by Pol Pot's Khmer Rouge regime during 1975-1979, and 309 mass-grave sites with an estimated total of 19,000 grave pits; and 76 sites of post-1979 memorials to victims of the Khmer Rouge.

To examine these, and other information we have discovered, click on one of the links on the sidebar.

For a more detailed introduction to the CGP, click here.

Yale assistance to Documentation Center of Cambodia, 1995-2005 (DC-Cam).